Burn injuries can happen anywhere—at home, at work, or outdoors. Knowing what to do immediately—and what to avoid—can reduce pain, prevent complications, and improve healing.

Burn treatment is a vital component of CPR and first aid certification and emergency preparedness.

Understanding Burn Severity

Burns are commonly classified into:

  • First-degree burns: Red, painful skin without blisters
  • Second-degree burns: Blistering and swelling
  • Third-degree burns: Deep tissue damage, white or charred skin

Severe burns require immediate medical attention.

Step 1: Ensure Safety and Stop the Burn

Before giving first aid:

  • Remove the person from the heat source
  • Turn off electricity or gas if involved
  • Smother flames (stop, drop, and roll)

Safety always comes first.

Step 2: Cool the Burn Properly

Cooling helps stop tissue damage.

How to cool a burn:

  • Use cool (not cold) running water
  • Cool for 10–20 minutes
  • Remove tight clothing or jewelry near the area

Cooling techniques are taught in CPR certification courses.

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Step 3: Protect the Burned Area

After cooling:

  • Cover loosely with a sterile, non-stick dressing
  • Keep the area clean and dry
  • Elevate if possible to reduce swelling

Do not break blisters.

When to Seek Emergency Care

Get medical help immediately if:

  • Burns are deep or larger than the palm of a hand
  • Burns involve the face, hands, feet, or genitals
  • Chemical or electrical burns are suspected
  • The person shows signs of shock

Training through basic life support certification helps identify serious injuries quickly.

What NOT to Do for Burns

Avoid these common mistakes:

  • Do not apply ice
  • Do not use butter, oils, toothpaste, or home remedies
  • Do not pop blisters
  • Do not apply adhesive bandages directly to burns

Incorrect treatment can worsen injury and delay healing.

Special Considerations for Chemical and Electrical Burns

Chemical Burns

  • Flush with running water for at least 20 minutes
  • Remove contaminated clothing
  • Avoid neutralizing chemicals unless directed

Electrical Burns

  • Do not touch the person until power is off
  • Look for entry and exit wounds
  • Seek medical care immediately

These advanced topics are included in online CPR certification programs.

Preventing Burn Injuries

Prevention strategies include:

  • Using protective equipment
  • Keeping hot liquids away from children
  • Practicing fire safety at home and work
  • Installing smoke detectors

Final Thoughts: Proper Burn First Aid Makes a Difference

Knowing what to do—and what not to do—after a burn can significantly improve outcomes and reduce complications.

Preparedness saves skin—and lives.

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