- Skin is an organ that acts as a natural barrier to the infection and to fluid loss. Burns disrupt this barrier causing exposure to infection and fluid loss.
Causes of burns:
- Dry burn-flames, friction, contact with hot object.
- Scald burn-steam, hot liquids.
- Electrical burn-low-voltage: household appliances. High-voltage: power cables, lightning current
- Cold injury-frostbite, contact with freezing metal or freezing vapors i.e. liquid oxygen or liquid nitrogen.
- Chemical burn-industrial chemicals or fumes or household chemicals ( caustic soda, bleach , oven cleaner )
- Radiation burn-sunburn, over exposure to ultraviolet rays from sunlamp or exposure to radioactive source (x-rays)
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