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Cardiac arrest can be caused by several factors.\nHowever, there are two leading causes; ventricular fibrillation & atrial\nfibrillation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ventricular fibrillation occurs when the two ventricles within the heart lose normal rhythm. This affects the overall heartbeat rhythm. Blood transport slows down and can even stop altogether. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Atrial fibrillation occurs when the upper chambers (atria) lose their normal rhythm. This arrhythmia begins when the pacemaker in the heart fails to produce an appropriate electrical signal. This process hinders the ventricles from sending blood efficiently to all organs and tissues.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
In the United States of America, close to half of a million cases of cardiac arrest incidents happen each year. Most of these happen at work, home, or on the road<\/a>. Many cases do not usually occur in a hospital.<\/p>\n\n\n\n It is then essential to have an early detection\nmechanism to notice manifestations of cardiac arrest. Timely detection can prevent\ndeath. Time matters when it comes to an arrest, the faster you get medical\nattention, the higher the probability of survival.<\/p>\n\n\n\n The words heart attack and cardiac arrest are\nfrequently thought to be the same medical issue. It is important to note that a\ncardiac arrest may occur as a result of a heart attack. <\/p>\n\n\n\n However, the two terms do not describe the same medical condition. Prompt therapy of a heart attack can assist in preventing and detecting cardiac arrest.<\/p>\n\n\n\n A heart attack is triggered by an obstruction in the transportation of blood. This mostly happens when a blood vessel supplying oxygenated blood to the heart is blocked. If the obstruction is not removed, a section of the heart will start to perish. <\/p>\n\n\n\n If this continues over time, a person may suffer\nmore heart damage that may result in cardiac arrest. The manifestations of a\nheart attack are as follows: shortness of breath, nausea, neck or back pain,\ndiscomfort in the chest area, and discomfort in arm or shoulder.<\/p>\n\n\n\n These signs can happen immediately and continue for\nseveral weeks. The symptoms may differ among individuals based on their gender.\nWhen a heart attack happens, normal pumping and blood transport ceases.<\/p>\n\n\n\n As discussed earlier cardiac arrest arises when a defect\nin the heart that causes uneven heartbeats. This affects the action of blood transport\nto vital organ systems. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Symptoms include fainting, palpitations, chest discomfort,\nagonal breathing, dizziness, and fatigue. These will happen suddenly, and\nwithin seconds the person will be unconscious. Death occurs if the individual\ndoesn\u2019t receive cardiopulmonary resuscitation and therapeutic aid.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Cardiac arrest can happen alongside or following a heart attack. The majority of heart attacks don\u2019t result in a cardiac arrest. However, a heart attack raises the chances of a cardiac arrest. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Agonal breathing can be a rather simple method of\ndiagnosing cardiac arrest. Agonal respiration is an abnormal rhythm of\nbreathing that can be identified by involuntary muscle spasms, gasping for air,\nand difficulty in breathing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Agonal breathing doesn’t provide sufficient oxygen\nto the lungs. It is an indication that oxygen is not reaching organs and\ntissues efficiently. If left untreated, it may lead to cessation of breathing\nand even death.<\/p>\n\n\n\n This form of breathing is an indication that the\nbrain is still alive, but oxygen supply is low. Immediate\nCPR should begin when agonal respiration occurs<\/a>.\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n It is a known fact that when you detect cardiac arrest, promptly, chances of survival go up significantly. Most affected people may not have the ability to call on paramedics when a cardiac arrest affects them. It is through this necessity that the creation of smart listening AI was born.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Smart devices are any form of an electronic system that can listen and act on the users’ inputs. These devices can be phones, tablets, and smart speakers configured to identify agonal respiration.<\/p>\n\n\n\n All devices that created to identify cardiac arrest are referred to as contactless cardiac arrest detection systems. <\/p>\n\n\n\n This means that they act without any human contact.\nThey record, analyze, and provide feedback autonomously. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Since labored breathing has a distinct sound, it can\nbe used as a metric to detect cardiac arrest. Hypothetically, household smart\ndevices can be used to identify gasping breathing in a home or work setting.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Since there is extensive use of smart devices within\nthe globe, it is only natural to develop a software system that can detect\nagonal breathing. This system can then relay the information to emergency\nservice providers and other close individuals. <\/p>\n\n\n\n A significant challenge when designing such a\ndiagnostic system is being able to obtain actual information on agonal\nbreathing. A smart listening AI system must be able to detect audio parameters\nthat indicate labored respiration accurately.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Original agonal respiration data must be used when\ndesigning the diagnostic systems. Recordings from paramedic crisis calls often\ncontain labored breathing audio in the background. These pieces of sound are\nused in creating positive controls which can be used as a reference database.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Negative controls are made by recording ambient building\nsounds as well as soundrelated to labored respiration that include snoringor\neven hypopnea. Both of these positive and negative controls play a vital role\nin the development of the vocal diagnostic tool.<\/p>\n\n\n\n The controls help to assess if audio diagnostic\nsoftware can be educated to detectagonal respiration related sounds. They also\nevaluate if the software can precisely discern labored breathing from other\nsounds when it is placed in a smart speaker or phone device.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Cardiac arrest and Heart Attack<\/h2><\/p>\n\n\n\n
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<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n Smart listening AI: How it can be a Game-changer in Detecting Labored Breathing<\/h3><\/p>\n\n\n\n
The Working Mechanism of Smart Listening AI<\/h4><\/p>\n\n\n\n
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